Learning Disability- Meaning,Definition, Types and Examples

Learning Disability PDF- a Learning disability is one of the eminent topics to understand while teaching. A learning disability is a neurological disorder. This is a term that relates to the brain. Learning disability differs from person to person. It is a disorder that inhibits the ability to process and retain information. 

Children with a learning disability-

Children with learning disabilities are those who are with average intelligence. They generally face difficulty in reading, writing, spellings, arithmetic, language skills and so on. The cause of these difficulties is mainly because of dysfunction in the language area of the brain.

Learning disability- In this post, you are going to get complete information regarding learning disability, its types, meaning, definition, etc.

Learning Disability- Meaning,Definition, Types and Examples

Meaning and Definition of Learning Disability 

A learning disability is a disorder that occurs in the brain. It causes many problems as the child grows. Learning disabilities mainly seen in his/her behavior or physical activities.

Children affected by these conditions face various kinds of problems. However, there are some characteristics that are common in them. These children are average learners, but they face difficulties in following and understanding the directions and instructions given by teachers. They face problems because their brains cannot process verbal communication effectively and speedily. 

Dictionary- A condition giving rise to learning difficulties, especially when not associated with physical disability
A learning disability is a mental disorder that is seen in a child. The child faces difficulty due to mental disorders. 
Wikipedia- Learning disorder is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors.

According to Good Therapy -


5 Types of Learning Disability

  1. Dyslexia
  2. Dysgraphia
  3. Dyscalculia
  4. Dyspraxia
  5. Aphasia/Dysphasia

1- Dyslexia (Reading Disorder)

It is a learning disorder that includes difficulty in reading due to identifying letters and speech sounds. They face difficulty when they try to combine letters to make a word. Therefore, their pronunciation also gets affected and gradually they develop poor, disorganized reading skills. 

Symptoms

  • Learning new words slowly
  • Delay speech
  • Problems in remembering names, letter, color
  • Difficulty in finding the right words
  • Problems in spelling
2- Dysgraphia (Writing disorder)

Dysgraphia is associated with writing skills and other similar activities. Children with this disorder show a difference between their oral and writing skills. Their oral skills are better than writing skills.

They become confused by similar-looking letters such as b, d, p, q and so non while writing. Their vocabularies are very low and therefore unable to express themselves effectively.

 Another important identification of these childern is that they make a lot of mistakes while copying text from the blackboard or from other printed materials.

Symptoms

  • Awkward pencil grip
  • Inconsistency in writing
  • Writing is slow
  • Problems in spelling and grammar
  • Difficulty in aligning numbers and math
3- Dyscalculia (Math skills)

Dyscalculia is associated with mathematical skills. Even simple calculations are done incorrectly and very slowly by learners with this disability. these learners fail to understand the sequence, steps, and direction for solving simple mathematical problems. 

They generally forget the steps of sequence suggested by teachers to solve any problem and face difficulty in learning the multiplication tables, symbols, and other such concepts. 

Symptoms
  • Difficulty in counting
  • Slow performance in calculation
  • Weak arithmetic skills
  • Difficult to understand the facts
4-Dyspraxia

This is a disorder associated with motor nerve control, where a child faces difficulty in coordinating the various motor functions. As a result, it affects the outcome of work done in the classroom. 

These childern also have difficulty in creating clear communication between the body and the brain. Holding a pencil or any such work that requires hand and eye coordinating will be difficult for a dyspraxia child. 

Symptoms
  • Problems with coordination
  • Poor balance
  • Poor hand and eye coordination
  • Poor posture and gesture
  • Tendency to fall 
5-Aphasia/Dysphasia

This disability is associated with language and communication skills were child cafes problems in the spoken language. Such children fail to communicate the correct version of their understanding of what they want to convey. 

They have a language learning disorder in which they find it hard to understand word meanings follow direction and so on. 

Symptoms
  • Difficulty in speaking
  • Difficult to building things
  • Jumbled speech
  • Social isolation
  • loss of speech comprehension


The most important thing a teacher should do is to build confidence in childern with a learning disability. This can be done by teaching organizational skills and allowing such learners to sit in front of the class.

The teacher should always create or develop a link between new and old learning concepts for this the teacher should relate classroom teaching with authentic experiences and try to assess or evaluate the learner orally.

Learning Disability- Meaning, Definition, Types, and Examples

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